TEKA
Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa VIII/2008.
Commission of Motorization and Power Industry in Agriculture

Strona redakcyjna - editorial page - plik PDF

Spis treści - plik PDF

AN INFLUENCE OF HEATING USING IR RADIATION ON PEA SEEDS MOISTURIZING PROCESS - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Dariusz Andrejko, Beata Ślaska-Grzywna

Department of Food Process Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland

Summary: The paper presents changes of humidity and compressive force values in pea seeds moisturized and subjected to thermal processing using IR radiation vs. thermally unprocessed ones. Seeds were heated in a device designed for IR processing. The material prepared in such a way was moisturized at different temperatures. During moisturizing, the humidity and compression force were recorded. The achieved data revealed a considerable impact of IR heating on the pea seeds moisturizing process. The preliminarily heated by IR radiation peas absorbed water faster during moisturizing and were characterized by lower resistance to compression.

Key words: compression strength, IR radiation, moisture content, pea seeds.

CLUSTERING OF LEGISLATIVE SECURITY OF CAR UTILIZATION IN ASPECT OF EFFICIENCY OF PERFORMANCE OF NATIONAL ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES IN POLAND - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Zbigniew Burski

University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Faculty of Production Engineering, Department of Power Industry and Vehicles

Summary: The paper discusses the issue of clustering of legislative security of car utilization in aspect of efficiency of performance of national administrative agencies in Poland. The issue of security in exploitation of vehicles and working machines is one of the most important system problems in contemporary scientific researches. Government and ownership transitions in the country caused that in the issue of act and passive security in vehicles’ utilization there appeared a need to take into account legislative safety in aspect of standardization and control of researches and assigning responsibility in their management. In this thesis there is introduced a regionalization algorithm k-means clustering, based on the assumed indicators of efficiency of performance of national administrative agencies (Police). This algorithm is a subject of multidimensional evaluation of these agencies in aspect of significance of statistic appearance.

Key words: vehicles’ exploitation, management of security, standardization of evaluation, cluster analysis.

STANDARDIZATION OF A VEHICLE’S POWER EFFECTIVENESS ON THE BASIS OF AN INDICATOR OF SIMILARITY OF SPEED DISTRIBUTION - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Zbigniew Burski

University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Faculty of Production Engineering, Department of Power Industry and Vehicles

Summary: In this thesis there is presented an attempt of standardization of power effectiveness of a truck in conditions of urban agglomeration. The basis of the conducted analysis were tachographs’ records of a mean of transport (cold store), used for transport of deep freeze food. In calculations of vehicle’s power-intensivity there were used methods of mathematical statistics which enable an assessment of similarity of speed distributions in form of an indicator of similarity.

Key words: vehicle exploitation, cold store transport, power effectiveness of drive, urban agglomeration, mathematical analysis.

UTILIZATION OF AGGLOMERATION ALGORITHM (TREE CLUSTERING) IN RESEARCH ON CRIMINALITY IN MOTOR TRANSPORT IN POLAND - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Zbigniew Burski

University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Faculty of Production Engineering, Department of Power Industry and Vehicles

Summary: In this thesis there are introduced theoretical basics and utilization opportunities of an agglomeration method (tree clustering) in researches on criminality in motor transport in Poland. It concerns a period of intensification of government transitions in the country, in which the problems of property larceny, including cars, have considerably grown. Application of the mathematical, statistical method enabled to acquire an objective image of this research issue in a multidimensional form.

Key words: motor transport, car utilization, mathematical statistics, regionalization of criminality.

CHANCES AND CHALLENGES OF BIOFUEL PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF AGRIINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX COMPETITIVENESS - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Georgiy Cherevko, Wolodymyr Snitynskyj, Oleg Krupych, Wolodymyr Kowaliw, Denys Cherevko

Summary: Chances and challenges of biofuel production development in Ukraine in the context of agriindustrial complex competitiveness. The results of investigation of ecological, social and economic aspects of alternative energy sources use problem resolving. The main attention is devoted to alternative energy sources produced in agriculture due to rapeseeds processing. Some chances and challenges of such way of problem resolving in Ukraine are shown.

Key words: power engineering, biofuel, biodiesel, ecology, agriculture.

MODEL OF TURBO-CHARGING WITH PULSE SUPPLY OF TURBINE pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Krzysztof Danilecki

Faculty of Automotive Vehicles Operation, Technical University of Szczecin

Summary: This paper will present issues related to the modelling of a turbo-charging system of traction engines. The method of analytical description of wave phenomena in the outlet system of an engine has been presented, based on the basic equations of thermodynamics and gasodynamics, the solution of which enables determination of the pressure and temperature curves in the manifold with taking conditions of charge flow through the engine valves into account.

Keys words: diesel engine, modeling, turbo-charging.

SIMULATION ASSESSMENT OF OPERATION RATES OF AN ENGINE WITH SEQUENTIAL TURBO-CHARGING pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Krzysztof Danilecki

Faculty of Automotive Vehicles Operation of the Technical University of Szczecin

Summary: The paper presents the results of the simulation tests of the SW 680 engine with sequential turbo-charging. Basic parameters of the turbo-charging set and the engine in the system with one and with two turbochargers in parallel arrangement have been presented.

Keys words: diesel engine, modeling, sequential turbo-charging.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCESS OF LIME SYSTEMS CARBONIZATION AS AN EFFICIENT WAY OF REDUCING ENERGY INTENSITY OF CARBONACEOUS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS PRODUCTION - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Sergey Fedorkin, Nikolay Lyubomirskiy, Mihail Lukyanchenko

National Academy of Environmental Protection and Resort Development

Summary: By means of a kinetic analysis of lime carbonization reaction, it is established that the speed of carbon dioxide absorption by lime systems depends on temperature and humidity factors. By changing these factors one can control the process of lime putty carbonization and obtain strong and water-resistant lime putty based on artificial carbonate stone. Lime carbonization does not require additional energy consumption and gives an opportunity of reducing the amount of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere.

Key words: lime, carbon dioxide, carbonization, calcium carbonate, kinetics.

FEATURES OF DIAGRAMS OF PHASES AND ANOMALY OF STRUCTURES OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS DURING DEGRADATION OF THEIR PROPERTIES - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Alexander Golubenko, Dmitry Marchenko

The Volodymir Dahl East-Ukrainian National University

Summary. With the use of statistical analysis methods aspects of emission signals stream and kinetics of plural origin cracks and resonance excitation of the proper modes of generation automodels of generation of intercommunication emission signals of physical and mechanical properties of materials are explore by the change of their mechanical and physical properties. It is expedient to use this mechanism of intercommunication for determination of the actual state of material in the process of exploitation.

Keywords: degradation, emission, model, stability, phase portrait.

HEATING SYSTEM CONTROL IN AN INTELLIGENT BUILDING - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Marek Horyński

Lublin University of Technology, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering 20-618 Lublin, Nadbystrzycka 38A Str., E-mail: m.horynski@pollub.pl

Summary: The basic issues relating to electric systems design in intelligent buildings have been discussed in the present paper with a particular emphasis on their elements enabling the intelligent heating control in a building.

Key words: intelligent systems, intelligent buildings, electric systems, HVAC systems.

THE USE OF PULSATED ACOUSTIC FIELD FOR EXTRACTION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM ROOTS OF VALERIAN (VALERIANA OFFICIANALIS L.) - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Zbigniew Kobus, Tomasz Guz, Elżbieta Kusińska

Department of Food Engineering and Machinery, University of Life Science in Lublin, Doœwiadczalna 44, 20-236 Lublin, phone: (081) 461 00 61 w.147, e-mail: zbigniew.kobus@up.lublin.pl

Summary: The paper presents results concerning the ultrasonically assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from roots of valerian. To lower the speed of the medium heating, pulsed ultrasonic field was applied. The investigation was accomplished by varying irradiation time, sonic power and size particles. The results were compared with classic (silent) extraction. The following were evaluated: swelling coefficient, yield of extraction and dry matter content in residue. The utilization of pulsed ultrasound proved to be a more efficient technique than the classic method of bioactive components extraction from dried valerian roots.

Key words: pulsed ultrasonic field, extraction, dry matter, valerian.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF SMALL, COMPRESSOR ASSISTED AIR-WATER TYPE HEAT PUMPS - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Jarosław Knaga

Agricultural University in Cracow, Departament of Power Engineering

Summary: The paper presents the results of testing into the OW 150 small, compressor-assisted air-water type heat pump, dedicated for preparing utility hot-water. The detailed analysis performed into the results of tests has shown that the energy efficiency factors change within the range 1.4÷2.6 in the course of water heating cycle in the vessel. The tests performed under operation conditions revealed that this factor is 40% lower than the factor as determined under laboratory testing.

Key words: energy, heat pump, source of heat, energy efficiency factor, utility hot-water.

USABILITY ANALYSIS OF STATIC LOAD CYCLES FOR ASSESSMENT OF TRACTOR ENGINE OPERATION ECONOMY - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Adam Koniuszy

Department of Basics of Technology, University of Agriculture in Szczecin, Papieża Pawła VI 1, 71 – 459 Szczecin, e-mail: adamkoniuszy@agro.ar.szczecin.pl

Summary: The paper presents results of tests on the AD3.152UR engine, carried out on a chassis dynamometer. The tests were made according to two different static load cycles, (5 and 8 phase). The operation economy of the tested engine was compared based on weighted averages of specific fuel consumption. It was found that in a 5-phase cycle the tested engine was characterized by lower specific fuel consumption and lower effective power, compared to an 8-phase cycle. It was also found that a 5-phase cycle could be representative for the province of Pomorze Zachodnie, provided the phase sequences are similar to the tractor engine time density characteristics.

Key words: agricultural tractor, combustion engine, static load cycle, operation economy.

ENERGY REQUIREMENTS FOR PELLETING OF CHOSEN FEED MATERIALS WITH RELATION TO THE MATERIAL COARSENESS - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Ryszard Kulig, Janusz Laskowski

Department of Food Machines Exploitation, University of Life Sciences in Lubline

Summary: This paper presents the results of a study investigating the effect of particle size of ground barley and lupine (in the range of 0.25 to 2.5 mm) on energy consumption during the pelleting process. The study was performed on a test stand equipped with a microprocessor-supported system for measuring steam, heat and electric energy consumption. It was found that the mean values of unit thermal energy consumption ranged from 97.21 to 130.33 kJ*kg-1 for lupine and from 111.35 to 145.49 kJ*kg-1 for barley. Mean unit pressing energy expenditure values were determined in the range from 77.71 to 98.65 kJ*kg-1 for lupine and from 97.54 to 125.11 kJ*kg-1 for barley.

Key words: steam and heat consumption, pressing energy, pelleting, conditioning, particle size of ground feed raw materials.

HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE OF AIR FLOW THROUGH WHEAT GRAIN IN BULK - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Elżbieta Kusińska

Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland

Summary: The paper presents the results of a study on the resistance of air flow through wheat grain in bulk. The value of resistance is affected primarily by the air flow velocity and material density that is dependent on external load and its duration. An increase of wheat grain density from 0.787 to 1.063 kg?dm-3 and an increase of air velocity from 0.15 to 0,5 m•s-1 caused an increase in flow resistance from 0.73 t 9.24 hPa•dm-1. Changes in grain density and hydraulic resistance were described with mathematical equations.

Key words: airflow resistance, grain, wheat, density.

ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF MAIZE GRAIN CRUSHING DEPENDING ON MOISTURE CONTENT - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Elżbieta Kusińska, Kazimierz Zawiœlak, Paweł Sobczak

Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin

Summary: Energy consumption in disintegration process is one of the most important components influencing the final cost, after the raw material’s price and the labour costs. Feed industry is trying to specify its production by looking for new methods of disintegration at optimal parameters aiming at costs reduction and improvement of technology, in order to reach appropriate and acceptable product for the farmers. The study was conducted on the modified crushing mill produced by SIPMA at the following working gaps: 2 mm, 1,5 mm, 1 mm, 0,5 mm, 0,2 mm. Moisture content of grain was at the level of 12%, 20%, 30%. Moisture content of grain and size of the working gap between rolls influences energy consumption of the crushing process. The moisture content increase from 12% to 30% causes an average size particle rise by 100% for all the levels of working gaps between rolls.

Key words: crushing process, energy consumption, maize grain.

GROUND STRESS MODELING - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

A.V. Kuzmitski*, W. Tanaœ**

* Belarusian State Agrarian Technical University Minsk, Belarus,
** University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland

Summary: The effect of punctual deformation on soil tension was analysed. The condition of deformation destruction at optional durability e. g. share chisel was determined.

Key words: load, normal tension, tangential tension, soil.

INFLUENCE OF LIQUID LPG INJECTION CHANGE PRESSURE ON THE INJECTION CONTROL - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Kazimierz Lejda, Artur Jaworski

Department of Automotive Vehicles and Internal Combustion Engines Rzeszów University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy Av. 8, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland, e-mail: klejda@prz.edu.pl, ajaworsk@prz.edu.pl

Summary: This article presents selected results of research, connected with change of LPG fuel injection pressure influence on liquid injection system parameters. LPG pressure is related with propane and butane fraction – the main components of fuel. Changing of trade LPG composition is connected with vapour pressure into the fuel tank, and involves injection pressure change. This produces varying of fuel dose and necessity of injection time regulation, for assurance of suitable air-fuel mixture ratio. In the modern internal combustion engines, precision of fuel dosage is indispensable for the reception of optimally useful parameters and toxicity standards fulfillment. The research results show that relatively small injection pressure change significantly affects both the fuel dose and engine parameters.

Key words: LPG pressure, liquid LPG injection, sequential injection.

ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC SUPERCHARGE INFLUENCE ON ECONOMICAL ENGINE WORK INDEXES - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Maciej Lisowski

Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin

Summary: The article presents the study outcomes of an influence of the dynamic supercharge on size and location of the isoline of unit fuel consumption of the engine SW-680 type. It has pointed out the possibility of fitting the engine profile to the conditions of vehicle drive through the transmission change in drive system. Some of the research outcomes regarding dynamic supercharge of the SW-680 engine have been presented. A methodology of simulation tests is proposed and explained by the author regarding an adjustment of the engine work point to driving conditions.

Key words: fuel consumption, dynamic supercharging, torque curve, power.

CHARACTERISTICS OF PELLETS PRODUCED FROM SELECTED PLANT MIXES - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Ignacy Niedziółka, Mariusz Szymanek, Andrzej Zuchniarz*, Kazimierz Zawiœlak**

* Department of Agricultural Machines, ** Department of Engineering and Food Machines University of Life Sciences in Lublin

Summary: The article presents research results concerning production of pellets from mixes of selected plant materials. Depending on the composition of a plant mix used for pelleting, differences were observed as to the power consumed by an electric engine running a pelleting machine’s working unit, in the range from 3.34 to 4.49 kW. On the basis of the conducted chemical analyses fat and cellulose contents were determined in particular plant mixes. Also, the amount of ash was determined remaining after the sample’s combustion, which was about 1.8% for mixes I, II, III and about 2.3% for mix IV.

Key words: biomass, plant mixes, pellets, power consumption.

AN INFLUENCE OF ABRASIVE PARTICLES ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF COHESION IN WHEEL-AND-RAIL CONTACT - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Yuriy Osenin, Igor Sosnov, Oksana Sergienko

The Volodymir Dahl East-Ukrainian National University

Summary: There have been presented the results of the experiments in defining the coefficient of locomotive and rail cohesion within the presence of hard particles of different abrasive powders in contact zone in the terms of dry, wet, lubricated and interacting surfaces in the article. There have also been given the results of the experiments in defining wear value of steam of friction-swinging with slipping with the presence of contact zone of the same abrasive materials. The research was conducted on the natural board set of wheel-and-rail system and with the usage of SMTS-2 friction car.

Key words: wheel-rail, cohesion, wear, hard particles.

PURIFICATION AND SEPARATION OF LOOSE MATERIALS IN A PNEUMATIC SYSTEM WITH VERTICAL AIR STREAM - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Marian Panasiewicz, Kazimierz Zawiœlak, Elżbieta Kusińska, Paweł Sobczak

Department of Food Engineering and Machines University of Life Sciences in Lublin

Summary: The paper presents an influence of air stream flow rates in a modified separator with vertical air stream on purification and separation of selected grain mixture. An analysis of the obtained data on vertical air stream flow intensity revealed great variability of grain separation and purification efficiency. It was found that both air stream intensity and the way and rate of mixture supply into the working area of the separator had the largest influence on the course and efficiency of particular mixture components separation (particularly of light substances). It was observed that precise regulation of air stream flow and its wide variability range allowed for an achievement of very good results of purification and separation of the studied grain mixture. The obtained effects resulted in a positive evaluation of the proposed construction of laboratory separator with vertical air stream for efficient separation of particular components of grain mixture.

Key words: contaminated winter wheat grain, pneumatic separator with vertical air stream, purification and separation efficiency, constructional changes evaluation.

THEORY OF SUPPORT APPLICATION FOR HIGHER GRAVITATIONAL QUALITY INDICATORS IN WHEEL TRACTORS - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Leonid Petrov*, Anatoliy Yakovenko*, Victor Orobey**

* Odessa State Agricultural University, ** Odessa National Polytechnical University

Summary: Theoretically grounded improvement of quality indicators in wheel traction-engine vehicles by using gravitational energy.

Key words: engine, wheel, gravity, frequency, weight, speed, angle, radius.

AN EVALUATION OF THE TECHNICAL STATE OF A STARTER USING THE HALL EFFECT- PART I - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Krzysztof Plizga

University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland

Summary: The article presents the results of diagnostic laboratory investigations into electric starters with an application of spectrum analysis of magnetic induction. Premises for the choice of investigative methodology have also been discussed.

Key words: diagnostics, damage, electric starter, Hall sensor.

IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR APPLE DEFECT DETECTION - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Czesław Puchalski*, Józef Gorzelany*, Grzegorz Zaguła*, Gerald Brusewitz**

* Department of Production Engineering, University of Rzeszow, M. Ćwiklińskiej 2, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland,
** Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 227 Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK 7407, USA

Summary: The objective of this research was to develop and test an image processing system which could identify defects on apple surfaces. A system for identifying surface defects on apples was designed, based on analyzing images acquired while apples were rotating in front of the camera. When multiple images were combined and adjustments made for rotation, dark areas caused by defects would appear with almost the same shape and at the same place in three or more frames. While minimizing false positives, the classification accuracy was very high. The proposed algorithm was effective in detecting various defects such as bruises, frost damage, and scab. The average classification accuracy was 96% for the samples in the experiments.

Key words: apple, damage, vision system, algorithm.

ENERGETIC ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF HYDRAULIC DRIVE OF CABLE SHAKER - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Yaroslav Semen, Oleg Krupych, Roman Shevchuk, Georgiy Cherevko

State University of Agriculture in Lvov

Summary: The paper is focused on the theoretical research of the efficiency of hydro-drive of the cable fruits-shaker with the system of accumulated power. Analytical formulas for determination of torque and power on the shaft of vibro-driver of the shaker vibrations are suggested. Regularity of the alteration of hydro-engine’s useful power during its interaction with the tree are discussed.

Key words: torque, shaker, hydro-drive, power, pneumo-hydraulic accumulator (PHA), pressure.

PARAMETRICAL OPTIMIZATION OF WORM GEARS BASED ON LOSSES IN GEARING - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Valentin Shishov, Pavel Nosko, Pavel Fil, Alexandr Muhovatiy, Julia Sklyar

The Volodymir Dahl East-Ukrainian National University

Summary: A mathematical model of definition of losses in gearing of worm gears and their reductions by 10 … 15 % is determined based on a mathematical experiment concerning rational parameters of transfers.

Key words: mathematical model, worm gears, experiment, parameters.

EFFECT OF MASS ON IMPACT PARAMETERS OF APPLES - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Zbigniew Stropek, Krzysztof Gołacki

Department of Machine Theory and Automation, University of Life Sciences in Lublin

Summary: In the article, an influence was determined of apple mass on the parameters characterizing material resistance such as: plastic deformation energy, energy absorbed during impact, dynamic yield pressure, maximum value of the reaction force, surface area of the impact contact. The principle of pendulum action was used at a measuring stand for impact tests and an apple was the striking element. Pinowa, Royal Gala and Florina apple varieties were tested. The apples of each varieties were divided into three groups depending on their masses (120g, 150g and 180g). The drop height of all the apples was 70 mm. For each variety and mass group 5 apples were tested. At each apple drop the reaction force during impact was recorded, the surface area of the impact contact was determined and the rebound height was calculated, which allowed to determine the value of energy absorbed during the impact. On the basis of the carried out experiments the statistically significant influence of apple mass on the contact surface area, peak of reaction force and energy absorbed during the impact was found. The total value of plastic deformation energy and dynamic yield pressure were independent of the mass.

Key words: impact, mass, apple, impact energy, absorbed energy, plastic deformation energy.

COMPUTER SIMULATION POSSIBILITIES IN MODELLING OF IGNITION ADVANCE ANGLE CONTROL IN MOTOR AND AGRICULTURAL VEHICLES - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Sebastian Styła, Stanisław Walusiak, Wiktor Pietrzyk

Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, ul. Nadbystrzycka 38a; e-mail: s.styla@pollub.pl, s.walusiak@pollub.pl

Summary: The purpose of the present article is to present a computer simulation model of the ignition advance angle in ZI engines. The opportunities associated with the use of LabView software package have been presented on the basis of individual functional blocks in order to create the simulation program. The methods of basic data entry into the program and the opportunities in the scope of their reading depending on the setups of correspondingly defined modules have also been illustrated. Therefore such a model can be used for the didactic or industrial purposes e.g. for the designing of modern motor vehicles controllers.

Key words: computer simulation, spark ignition, motor vehicle controller, simulation model, ignition map, ignition advance angle.

ENERGY-CONSUMPTION AT SWEET CORN THRESHING - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Mariusz Szymanek

Department of Theory of Agricultural Machines, Faculty of Production Engineering, 20-612 Lublin, Głęboka 28, ph. 081 445 61 28, e-mail: mariusz.szymanek@ar.lublin.pl

Summary: The paper considers an influence of the angular speed of threshing drum on power consumption during the threshing of sweet corn variety Candle. The sweet corn cobs were blanched and frozen prior to threshing. The changes of angular speed of threshing drum varied from 100 to 180 rad•s-1 , which affected an increase of power consumption in the range from 2.29 to 2.44 kW (t•h-1) , about 7%.

Key words: sweet corn, frozen, threshing, power consumption.

MODELING OF DEMAND FOR ENERGY DURING SWEET CORN KERNEL CUTTING FROM THE COB - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Mariusz Szymanek

Katedra Maszynoznawstwa Rolniczego, Wydział Inżynierii Produkcji, e-mail: mariusz.szymanek@ar.lublin.pl

Summary: In the paper the changes of demand for energy during the cutting of sweet corn kernel from the cob are discussed. Candle cv. was used for research. The measurements were realized in dependence on some technical and operating parameters of corn cutter: the shaft knife length (l), the speed of head knife (?) and speed of cob feeder (v). The highest values of useful energy (3.73•10-4 kWh) were achieved at l = 0.013 m,? = 194.5 rad•s-1 and v = 0.43 m•s-1. However, the lowest values (1.24•10-4 kWh) were at ? = 301.2 rad•s-1, v = 0.91 m•s-1 and l = 0.047 m.

Key words: sweet corn, cutting, kernel, energy.

OPERATING CONDITIONS OF WHEEL DRIVES OF ACIVE SEMI-TRAILERS - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Georgij Tajanowskij*, Wojciech Tanaœ**, Alexander Tajanowskij*

* The Belarussian State University of Technique
** University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
Summary: The article considers the basic conditions of work maintenance in a traction mode of an active semi-trailer with an uncontrollable hydro-drive of the wheels, intended for work in a unit with a wheel tractor with mechanical transmission.

Keywords: tractor train, active semi-trailer, mixed drive, working process, conditions of work maintenance.

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF A HARVEST COMBINE FOR THE RECEPTION OF FUEL CHIPS FROM FAST-GROWING PLANTS - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Georgij Tajanowskij*, Wojciech Tanaœ**, Alla Kalina*

* Belarussian State University of Technology
** University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland

Summary: The article presents a mathematical model for research of dynamic loadings in a branched-out drive of active working bodies of a mowing down and crushing path of a harvest combine for the reception of fuel chips from fast-growing plants.

Key words: a harvest combine, mathematical model, dynamic loadings in a drive, mowing down and crushing mechanisms.

REMARKS ON THE FAULTY REGRESSION IN EXCEL - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Joanna Tarasińska, Zofia Hanusz

Department of Applied Mathematics and Informatics University of Life Sciences in Lublin

Summary: In the paper we focus on the regression problem solving by Excel. Some faults concerning R-square coefficient are presented. The difference between R-squares in two models with and without intercept is considered.

Key words: regression model, statistics in Excel, R-square.

BIODIESEL FUEL FOR AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Genadiy Topilin, Sergiey Uminski, Anatoliy Yakovenko

The Agricultural University of Odessa

Summary: Summary: Materials installation for manufacture of biodiesel fuel conditions is developed.

Key words: biodiesel fuel, oils, rape oil, hydrodynamical.

ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF ESTIMATING RURAL CONSUMERS’ DAILY DEMAND FOR ELECTRICAL ENERGY - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Małgorzata Trojanowska

Department of Agricultural Energetics, Agricultural University of Cracow Balicka Str. 116B, 30-149 Kraków, Poland e-mail: trojanowska@ar.krakow.pl

Summary: In this paper, the author presented fuzzy models with the inference of the Takagi-Sugeno type regarding trapezoidal adherences functions in models input spaces of hourly predicted demands for electrical energy for rural consumers, as the characteristic group of consumers, and also checked their usability to load predictions calculated in twenty-four hours’ advance. Because of the load inconstancy character, the author elaborated separate models for typical week days. They demonstrated that fuzzy models satisfactorily describe electrical energy hourly demand for rural consumers even in periods of time characterized by large variability of this demand and those predictions let to construct good quality prognoses.

Key words: electricity, short-term forecasting, fuzzy models.

CIRCULAR-SCREW GEARS WITH ASYMMETRIC FUNCTION OF TRANSMISSION RATIO - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Mikola Ututov, Oleksiy Karpov, Pavlo Tkach, Pavlo Karpov

The Volodymir Dahl East-Ukrainian National University

Summary: A mathematical model of synthesis of circular-screw gears with asymmetric function of transmission ratio based on the offered main and additional conditions of synthesis is stated in the article. The advantage of application of transmissions by noncircular gears for struggling against resonance oscillations that allows extending the possibility of their application is shown in this work.

Key words: noncircular gears, variable transmission ratio, struggling against resonance oscillations.

EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND WATER CONSUMPTION IN A SMALL-SIZE DAIRY PROCESSING PLANT - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Janusz Wojdalski, Bogdan Dróżdż, Hieronim Brocki

Department of Production Management and Engineering, Warsaw Agricultural University, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, janusz_wojdalski@sggw.pl

Summary: Results have been presented of research on variability of electrical energy and water consumption in a small-size dairy processing plant. Variability of per unit electrical energy and water consumption factory indices was explained while taking into account an impact of twenty-four hour processed milk volume. The indices obtained per unit consumption may be used to define environmental standards as well as eco-effectiveness and manufacturing costs.

Key words: dairy industry, electrical energy consumption, level of manufacturing, electrical energy and water consumption factory indices, eco-effectiveness.

ENERGY CONSUMPTION DURING EXTRUSION-COOKING OF PRECOOKED PASTA - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

Agnieszka Wójtowicz, Leszek Moœcicki

Department of Process Engineering, Agricultural University in Lublin agnieszka.wojtowicz@ar.lublin.pl

Summary: The paper presents results of specific mechanical energy consumption (SME) and process stability during the extrusion-cooking of precooked pasta. The raw materials were semolina and common wheat flours type 450, 500, 550 moistened to 28, 30, 32% of moisture content. Precooked pasta was processed in a single screw extrusion-cooker TS-45 (Polish design) with L/D=16 at the temperature range of 65-95°C. SME values depended mostly on a screw rotational speed used during the extrusion-cooking, raw materials used and its moisture content. Thanks to intensive cooling of the last barrel section before the die, satisfactory stability of extrusion-cooking process was achieved during pasta production.

Key words: extrusion-cooking, precooked pasta, energy consumption, wheat flour.

ANALYTICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS OF THE VALVE PLATE HYDROMACHINE - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF

V.M. Zheglova*, I.V. Nikolenko**

* Odessa National Polytechnic University,
** National academy of nature protection and resort building
Summary: Analytical methods of definition of geometrical parametres in a variety of distributors have been created. Methods are proved on the basis of numerical simulation of details in the program ANSYS with the help of which dangerous places of pressure concentration have been revealed. Settlement schemes of various designs of distributor have been developed. An analysis of detailed geometrical parameters has been performed; dependences for definitions of pressure in dangerous points have been recieved

Key words: model, hydromachine, valve plate, finite element method, deformed condition.