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TEKA
Komisji Nauk Medycznych IV/2016.
Commission of Medical Sciences
Spis treści, informacje dla autorów - plik PDF
Strony redakcyjne - plik PDF
FREE AMINO ACIDS IN BLOOD PLASMA OF PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL
INFARCTION - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Małgorzata Knap*, Dorota Macišg**, Karolina Knap-Czop***, Marcin Czop***, Jacek
Janowski****, Janusz Kocki***
*Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
** College of Business and Entrepreneurship in Ostrowiec więtokrzyski, Poland
***Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University in Lublin, Poland
****Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski
University, Kielce, Poland
*Corresponding author e-mail: malgoknap@gmail.com
S u m m a r y. Myocardial infarction (MI) is a pathological condition
resulting from total occlusion of coronary blood supply
to some part of the heart muscle. This causes necrosis of the
heart muscle of various extent. The most frequent background
of the development of myocardial infarction is coronary atherosclerosis.
The majority of patients with coronary atherosclerosis
experience ischemia during effort and a characteristic
chest pain. Free amino acids (AAs) play an important role both
in human physiology and pathology. The pool of free amino
acids varies, because amino acids are supplied to this pool, as
well as uptaken and used as needed by the body. MI poses a
direct life threat as it considerably affects other body functions,
and changes blood serum free amino acids concentrations.
The objective of the study was determination of the level of
free amino acids profile in patients with MI, and assessment of
the level of free amino acids in patients with MI under the age
of 65, and 65 years old and older. MI as a life threatening state
causes dynamic changes in free amino acid profile; however,
this is more significant in the patients aged over 65. On day
0 in the group of patients ? 65 the level of amino acids was
statistically significantly higher, however it decreased during
the rest of the observation period.
K e y w o r d s: cardiovascular diseases, age, amino acid profile
FREE AMINO ACIDS IN THE BLOOD SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC
HEART DISEASE- pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Dorota Macišg1, Małgorzata Knap2, Karolina Knap-Czop3, Marcin Czop3,
Janusz Kocki3
1 College of Business and Entrepreneurship in Ostrowiec więtokrzyski, Poland
2 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
3 Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
S u m m a r y. For many decades coronary heart disease has
been the most commonly diagnosed cardiovascular pathology
in highly developed countries. According to the World Health
Organization (WHO), the number of deaths from coronary
heart disease will have increased from 7.1 million in 2002 to
11.1 million in 2020.
The essence of coronary heart disease (CHD) is a progressive
myocardial ischemia, which leads to hypoxia and necrosis, and
is associated with atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries. In
the pathogenesis of CHD the key role is attributed to atherosclerotic
plaques developing in the blood vessels narrowing
their lumen. One of the most important pathological processes
basal to the development of atherosclerosis is endothelial dysfunction.
The aim of the study was to determine the level of selected
amino acids in patients with ischemic heart disease.
With age the amino acid profi le is changed. On day 0 the level
of amino acids was statistically signifi cantly higher in the
majority of patients under the age of 65 years. However, the
concentration of amino acids noted on days 1, 3, and 7 was statistically
signifi cantly increased in the group aged 65 and older.
K e y w o r d s: ischemic heart disease, amino acid profile
THE TRAINING OF NURSES AND MIDWIVES IN BELGIUM - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Magdalena Brodowicz-Król1*, Magdalena Korżyńska-Piętas2, Danuta Zarzycka1,
Alina Trojanowska1
1 Chair and Department of Pediatric Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
2 Department of Basic Midwifery, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
*Corresponding author e-mail: brmagdalena@gmail.com
S u m m a r y. The aim of professional training of nurses and
midwives in Belgium is to provide higher education at the
undergraduate and graduate level. For nursing there are two
systems of higher education: the Flemish and the Walloon.
According to the European WHO Strategy, the curriculum
for midwifery should be based on developing competencies.
The aim of the study is a brief presentation of the principles
governing the system of training of nurses and midwives in
Belgium. The method used in the study was the analysis of
documentation and literature of the subject.
K e y w o r d s:education, nurse, midwife
GENETIC ASPECTS OF DENTAL CARIES IN DENTAL PRACTICE- pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Iryna Fedorovych
Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; volunteer
Corresponding author e-mail: iryna.fedorovych@o2.pl
S u m m a r y. The paper investigates children with dental caries
(Caries dentis) detected after the eruption of fi rst teeth
followed by formation of a defect in the oral cavity, which is
considered as a poly-etiological disease. To understand mechanisms
of caries development, it is important to distinguish between
environmental and hereditary factors. Current views of
pediatric dentistry concerning the impact of heredity on tooth
resistance to dental caries process give rise to studies and considerations
of genetic aspects that help resolve the issues of
dental caries prevention and treatment. This led to search for
means of early prevention and treatment taking the form of
individual strategies of treatment and prevention from prenatal
period of child development and during early childhood, i.e.
for children under the age of 3 years, and with mandatory introduction
of counselling and examination in medical genetics
centres for expectant mothers and children with the symptoms
and risks of pathology of primary and permanent teeth.
K e y w o r d s: dentistry, caries, genetics, prevention, teeth,
children.
STUTTERING AND DISORDERS OF MOVEMENT- pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Viktor Kaliagin
Chief Researcher Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech (the Ministry
of Health), Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia
S u m m a r y. The article discusses the analysis of drawing activities
of preschool children suffering from alalia and assesses
the value and authenticity of drawing projective techniques.
The author analyses drawing techniques applied by psychologists
in psychocorrective therapy for children suffering from
alalia and proves that projective pictures drawn by preschool
children are of low validity and authenticity, so that due to the
lack of adequacy projective pictures of preschool children cannot
be applied in psychotherapy and psychocorrective therapy
for seven-year-old children suffering from alalia.
K e y w o r d s: anxiety, speech disorders, stuttering, dysarthria,
speech delay, preschool pictures
THE ROLE OF GENETIC FACTORS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF FUCHS
ENDOTHELIAL CORNEAL DYSTROPHY- pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Karolina Kštska1*, Piotr Milanowski1, Dominika Wróbel-Dudzińska1,
Janusz Kocki2, Tomasz Żarnowski1
1Ophthalmology Department, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
2Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
*Corresponding author e-mail: kkatska@wp.pl
S u m m a r y. Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD)
is the most common genetic disorder of the corneal endothelium.
The disease is characterized by the loss of endothelial
cells, formation of collagenous excrescences (guttae) of the
Descemets membrane and development of corneal oedema
resulting in a signifi cant deterioration of visual acuity. The aim
of this review is to give an overview on the genetic background
of FECD which is complex and heterogeneous. Mutations in
a variety of genes as well as numerous chromosomal loci and
other genetic associations responsible for the development of
FECD have been identifi ed. Understanding the pathogenesis
of the disease can potentially lead to improve diagnostics and
therapy of FECD.
K e y w o r d s: Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD);
corneal endothelial cel
?OGNITIVE ACTIVITY SELF-REGULATION REACTIONS IN PRESCHOOLERS- pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Kuznetsova Tamara
Pavlov Physiology Institute, St.-Petersburg, Russia
Corresponding author e-mail:dr.tamara.kuznetsova@gmail.com; tamara-kuznetsova@yandex.ru
S u m m a r y. The brain acts as an integrated self-regulatory
system that seeks to preserve the constancy of the internal environment
of the body. The system works as a functional tool
to help meet all the bodys needs, and timely satisfy leading
specifi c needs. Failure to meet them leads to the development
of stress. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of behavioral,
autonomic and self-bioelectrical reactions were used to analyze
basic mechanisms of the organization of holistic behavioral
act in the process of cognitive activity. The goal of our
research was to fi nd mechanisms of adaptive behaviors in the
learning process and the possibility of early diagnosis of stress
conditions in preschool children. The results revealed correlations
between behavioral, cardiovascular, and self-regulation
of EEG responses in children at preschool age. Thus, it is
shown that the compensation of emotional tension and therefore
the occurrence of stress in children can be achieved at
the expense of behavioral responses, autonomic and central
reconstructions of the brain activity. However, behavioral responses
of self-regulation are a cheap way to compensate for
the emotional tension. Their inhibition is compensated due to
the increase in tension of the mechanisms that regulate heart
rhythm and reduce interconnections between the front and rear
structures of the brain.
K e y w o r d s: emotional reactions, heart rate, stress index, index
of functional status, EEG.
MICRORNA, ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN AND STREM2 AS POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS OF
ALZHEIMERS DISEASE- pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Anna Makuch1*, Przemysław Kołodziej2, Robert Kaczmarczyk3, Anna Bogucka Kocka2
1Students Scientifi c Society of the Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University
of Lublin, Poland
2Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
3Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin,
Poland
S u m m a r y. Alzheimers disease is an incurable progressive
neurodegenerative disease, most frequently occurring in persons
over 65 years of age. Its clinical course is individual for
each patient, and the fi rst symptoms are often confused with
the symptoms of stress, which makes early diagnosis very
diffi cult. Therefore, research was undertaken to fi nd AD biomarkers
which would enable the detection of the disease at an
early stage, and develop new therapies to maintain cerebral
functions.
K e y w o r d s: Alzheimers disease (AD), biomarker,
sTREM2, mikroRNA, alpha-synuclein
SIGNIFICANCE OF MICRORNA AND MUTATION WITHIN GT198 GENE
IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER- pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Anna Makuch1*, Przemysław Kołodziej2, Kinga Krukowska3, Kamila Szymańska3,
Joanna Trybus3, Anna Bogucka-Kocka2
1Students Scientifi c Society of the Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University
of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
2Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
3Students Scientifi c Society of the Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin,
Lublin, Poland
S u m m a r y.Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed
malignant tumors among women. Most of the patients
die due to late diagnosis of the disease since cancer is most
commonly diagnosed in advanced stage. At the time of diagnosis
the patients have already developed lymph nodes metastasis
as well as micro-metastasis to other distant organs. Dynamic
development of modern diagnostics gives a chance for
early detection of ongoing neoplastic process, and thus created
a chance of curing patients completely.
K e y w o r d s: breast cancer, microRNA, GT198
NANOPARTICLES IN GLAUCOMA TREATMENT- pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
*Milanowski Piotr1, Kosior-Jarecka Ewa1, Kštska Karolina1, Wróbel-Dudzińska
Dominika1, Milanowska Joanna, Kocki Janusz3, Żarnowski Tomasz1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
2Department of Applied Psychology, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
3Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
*Correspondence author e-mail: p.milanowski@yahoo.com
S u m m a r y. Glaucoma is characterized by the progressive
death of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), followed by the excavation
of the optic nerve disc and gradual loss of the visual
fi eld. Different risk factors are associated with the development
of glaucoma, the major of which are increased intraocular
pressure (IOP), advanced age, black race and positive
fi rst-degree family history. Female gender increases the risk
of primary angle-closure glaucoma. A new approach to drug
delivery could overcome the limitations of the current glaucoma
therapies. Recent studies have shown that nanoparticles
could be used for modifi cations of the drugs. Nanoparticles
are nanostructured materials of unique properties. As investigations
advance to clinical trials, it will be crucial to evaluate
the possible risks and adverse effects of nanoparticles. Further
detailed studies into nanoparticles will determine their future
potential clinical application. Hopefully, the advancement of
nanotechnology will overcome limitations of current treatments
for this debilitating disease.
K e y w o r d s: glaucoma, nanoparticles.
HISTORY OF PLANT METABOLITES WITH ANTICANCER ACTIVITY - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Maciej Strzemski1, Magdalena Wójciak-Kosior1, Jan Sawicki1, Janusz Polkowski1,
Ewelina Rydzik-Strzemska1, Anna Zagaja2, Aleksandra Bożyk3, Paweł Krawczyk3,
Ireneusz Sowa1*
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
2Department of Ethics and Human Philosophy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
3Department of Pneumology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
*Corresponding author e-mail: i.sowa@umlub.pl
S u m m a r y. The article reviews the history of the research on
anticancer drugs of plant origin. The procedures that enable
the isolation of such compounds as vinblastine, vincristine
or paclitaxel are presented. The procedures are based on the
fractionation of plant extracts and the estimation of biological
activity of the obtained fractions. In most cases, the chromatographic
techniques are used to separate biologically active
compounds.
K e y w o r d s:podophyllotoxin, vinblastine and vincristine,
camptothecin, paclitaxel, combretastatin, jerantinines A-G.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PLANT CARLINA SPECIES- pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Maciej Strzemski1*, Magdalena Wójciak-Kosior1, Ireneusz Sowa1, Jan Sawicki1,
Ewelina Rydzik-Strzemska1, Aleksandra Bożyk2, Ryszard Kocjan1
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
2Department of Pneumology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
*Corresponding author e-mail: maciej.strzemski@poczta.onet.pl
S u m m a r y.There are numerous historical data on the medicinal
usage of plants from Carlina genus, and these plants
have been still used in folk medicine in many countries; however,
the research into their chemical composition is rare. According
to literature, polyacetylenes, pentacyclic triterpenes,
fl avonoids and phenolic acids are the main classes of pharmacologically
active compounds of Carlina plants. There are also
reports on the presence of fatty acids, tannins and inulin. In
the paper, the current state of knowledge on phytochemistry of
Carlina genus is reviewed.
K e y w o r d s:Carlina species, triterpenes, essential oil, chlorogenic
acid, fl avonoids, fatty acids
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF A DIETARY ANTIOXIDANT IN ANIMAL
MODEL OF DEXAMETHASONE-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY: A PRELIMINARY
STUDY- pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
*1Zofi a Danilczuk, 2Hanna Koszel
1Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
2Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland,
Volunteer
*Corresponding author e-mail: zofi a.danilczuk@umlub.pl
S u m m a r y. Chronic stress or prolonged exposure to high
levels of glucocorticoids induces neuropathological alterations,
which are frequently associated with cognitive defi cits,
such as the impairment of memory and learning. The results
of our study have shown the prolongation of climbing time in
chimney test, decreased retention time in the memory task,
reduction of the body weight, but no change in the lethality
in the mice chronically treated with dexamethasone (DEX).
Spirulina, administered alone at both doses (0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg/
day) changed neither behaviour of mice nor lethality in comparison
with the control group. However, Spirulina at the dose
of 1.0 g/kg/day reduced the body weight of the tested mice, as
compared to the control group. In th mice treated with DEX,
Spirulina (at the dose of 1.0 but not 0.5 g/kg/day) signifi cantly
reduced the climbing time in chimney test, improved acquisition
of memory and did not affect lethality in comparison with
DEX alone, however it further reduced the body weight of the
mice subjected to dexamethasone for 14 days. Although the
preliminary study suggests protective effect of Spirulina in this
experimental model, it should be confi rmed in further research.
K e y w o r d s:neurotoxicity, neuroprotection, glucocorticoids,
antioxidants, memory, mice
PREVENTION OF EARLY DENTAL CARIES IN CHILDREN
(AGED LESS THAN 3 YEARS) - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Iryna Fedorovych
Ternopil, Ukraine
Correspondence author e-mail: iryna.fedorovych@o2.pl
S u m m a r y. This science article is dedicated to prevention of
early dental caries in children (aged less than 3 years). It is
essential, that all dentists shall have profesional education to
have a way with the most common dental problems for children.
This article is an attempt to fi gure out the possibility to
prevent children`s dental caries (aged to 3 years). It is very important
to educate for parents or guardian on dental care: a) role
of breastfeeding for baby`s health, and for children`s healthy
development of gums, b)harmful consequences of thumb, lips
or soothers sucking; c) good nutrition, pay attention to quality
and consistency - hard food, fruits, vegetables, roll bran bread,
limiting sweets, d) start good oral care even before fi rst teeth
come in, e) application of fl uorine components and schedule
fi rst dential appointment before fi rst birthday.
K e y w o r d s:children, prevention of dental caries
ANALYSIS OF GENETIC MECHANISMS OF AGING BASED ON THE LATEST
RESEARCH - pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Dariusz Polański*1, Anna Bogucka-Kocka2, Robert Kaczmarczyk,3 Anna Makuch4,
Janusz Kocki1
1 Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
2Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
3Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin,
Poland
4Students Scientifi c Society of the Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University
of Lublin, Poland
*Correspondence author e-mail: darpol2@onet.eu
S u m m a r y. Aging is a complex and unavoidable process
that can be modifi ed by the environment, involving many
biochemical and molecular mechanisms in cells, leading to
functional impairment and pathological disorders. Repair systems
are not able to get rid of it, resulting in abnormal tissue
function, increased susceptibility to disease and consequently
lack of homeostasis of the organism and its death. Aging is
also a constant decrease in the ability to regenerate lesions and
overcome exogenous stress, leading to the diseases and degenerative
changes. Genetic theories of aging point to the molecular
mechanisms of inheritance and the regulation of gene
expression and variability. The hypothesis of a genetic clock
in cells is based on the limited number of cell divisions known
as Hayfl ick limit. Damage to genome increases with age despite
solid repair mechanisms, leading either to apoptosis or
to ceased proliferation and acquiring aging phenotype. Epigenetic
factors also affect the regulation of cell survival without
directly infl uencing the DNA nucleotide sequence. Telomere
shortening theory and programmed death theory (apoptosis)
also attempt to explain the phenomenon of life time limit. Accelerated
aging syndromes in progeria show that DNA damage
is responsible for senescence. Damage to the DNA caused by
external mutagens or endogenous factors may become a signal
to begin the path of cellular aging.
K e y w o r d s:aging, senescence, genetic theories, telomeres,
genome, molecular mechanisms
THE ROLE OF miRNA IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES OF THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE- pełny artykuł (full article) - plik PDF
Anna Makuch1, Agnieszka Korga2, Magdalena Iwan2
1Students Scientifi c Soc iety of Independent Medical Biology Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin,
Poland
2Independent Medical Biology Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
Correspondence author e-mail: anna.makuch@poczta.fm
S u m m a r y. Autoimmune diseases of the connective tissue
are chronic, and are characterized by unclear etiology. Therefore,
it is often diffi cult to choose a potential therapy. The
research conducted over the last years into miRNA profi ling,
and the effects of this molecule on the pathophysiological processes
typical of various autoimmune diseases has provided
opportunities for a better understanding of the mechanism of
these diseases and, in many cases, the introduction of new and
more effective therapies.
K e y w o r d s:autoimmune disease, miRNA, rheumatoid arthritis,
systemic scleroderma, Sjögrens syndrome
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